Waterjet Cutting Vs. Laser Cutting – What You Should Know

When working with different materials, choosing the right cutting method makes a noticeable difference. Two commonly used options are waterjet cutting and laser cutting. Each method has its own process, features, and results. Knowing how they work and what they are suitable for helps with making a more suitable choice for your project.

How waterjet cutting works:

Waterjet cutting uses a stream of water mixed with abrasive material to slice through surfaces. This stream moves under high pressure and works well on both soft and hard materials. It does not create heat, which keeps the material cool throughout the process. This method is often chosen for thicker or heat-sensitive materials.

How laser cutting works:

Laser cutting uses a focused beam of light to cut through the surface. The heat melts or vaporises the material along a precise path. It is often used for metals, plastics, and other uniform surfaces. The edges tend to be smooth and clean, especially on thin or medium-thickness sheets.

Types of materials each method cuts:

• Waterjet cutting works with almost any material, including metal, stone, ceramic, glass, rubber, and even foam. It performs well on thicker pieces and items that react poorly to heat.
• Laser cutting is usually used for metals, acrylics, wood, and some plastics. It is better suited to flat, consistent materials and detailed designs.

Accuracy and finish:

• Laser cutting is known for high precision, especially with fine or complex shapes. The finish is clean, and little extra work is needed after the cut.
• Waterjet cutting is accurate too, though it may not be as fine for small patterns. It leaves a slightly rougher edge, depending on the speed and settings used.

Speed and cost differences:

• Laser cutting is typically quicker for thin or uniform materials. For large production jobs, it may be more time-efficient.
• Waterjet cutting is slower, particularly for thicker or tougher materials. However, it may save time when no edge clean-up is needed due to the cool-cut process.

Safety and material effects:

• Laser cutting produces heat, which can cause discoloration or burns on some materials. It also generates fumes, so good ventilation is often needed.
• Waterjet cutting avoids these issues by using cold pressure. There is no risk of heat damage, which makes it more suitable for sensitive surfaces.